I read the novel Centennial - by James A. Michener, an amazing read for many reasons. A whole chunk of the book centers around this dust-storm phenomenon and he ascribed it to line furrowing without the soil being flattened down again (I forget the technical term for that). Contour farming and cross-harrowing were later used as solutions, along with better sharing of riparian rights.

I was fascinated to note a similar theme for the dust-storms in your write, although the explanations are a mite different. I look forward to reading your tale, when you put it up for reading or publication! All the best for that!